Potassium perchlorate - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Potassium perchlorate |
| Synonyms | KClO4 Irenat Irenal UN1489 Peroidin Astrumal HSDB 1222 Perchloracap UNII-42255P5X4D Potassium perchlorate perchloratedepotassium Potassium hyperchloride KM potassium perchlorate Potassium perchlorate, solid Potassium perchlorate (KClO4) Perchloric acid, potassium salt Potassium perchlorate, solution Spectrex Fire Extinguishant Formulation A Potassium perchlorate, solid [UN1489] [Oxidizer] Potassium perchlorate, solution [UN1489] [Oxidizer] |
| CAS | 7778-74-7 |
| EINECS | 231-912-9 |
| InChI | InChI=1/ClHO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 |
Potassium perchlorate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | ClKO4 |
| Molar Mass | 138.55 |
| Density | 2.52 |
| Melting Point | 400°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 400°C |
| Water Solubility | 17 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: 0.1M at20°C, clear, colorless |
| Vapor Presure | 0Pa at 25℃ |
| Vapor Density | 4.8 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Powder |
| Specific Gravity | 2.52 |
| Color | Clear colorless to slightly yellow |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Solubility Product Constant(Ksp) | pKsp: 1.98 |
| Merck | 14,7653 |
| PH | 5.0 (10g/l, H2O, 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Strong oxidiser - contact with combustible materials may lead to fire or explosion. Incompatible with reducing agents, organic materials. Forms explosive mixtures with alcohols. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character: colorless orthorhombic crystal or white powder. melting point 610 ℃ ± 10 ℃ relative density 2.52 solubility slightly soluble in water, almost insoluble in alcohol and ether. |
| Use | Mainly used in explosives, photography, fireworks, medicine and other departments |
Potassium perchlorate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R9 - Explosive when mixed with combustible material R22 - Harmful if swallowed |
| Safety Description | S13 - Keep away from food, drink and animal foodstuffs. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
| UN IDs | UN 1489 5.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | SC9700000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2829 90 10 |
| Hazard Class | 5.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
Potassium perchlorate - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Potassium chloride Potassium chlorate Sodium Chlorate Sodium Chloride |
| Downstream Products | Potassium perchlorate |
Potassium perchlorate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless crystal or white crystalline powder. Melting point of 610 deg C, about 400 deg C decomposition; d 2. 52. Soluble in 65 parts of cold water, 15 parts of boiling water, insoluble in ethanol. Heat is decomposed into potassium chloride and oxygen. When potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, copper, iron and the like are present, the decomposition reaction is intensified. With strong oxidation. Risk of combustion explosion when contacted or mixed with organic matter, reducing agents, and combustible materials. Dry solid perchlorate can cause explosion upon impact and vibration.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Potassium perchlorate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
sodium perchlorate was dissolved in water and the solution was filtered. Potassium chloride was additionally dissolved in water. The two solutions were mixed, and the potassium perchlorate crystals were filtered off by suction, washed off the adsorbed CI-, and dried to obtain pure potassium perchlorate.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:52
Potassium perchlorate - Use
Open Data Verified Data
Analytical reagents. It is used as the combustion improver of rocket and jet propeller, the oxygen supply agent of submarine, etc., and has been applied in the fields of explosives, photography, pharmaceutical industry, etc.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:53
Potassium perchlorate - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
has strong irritation. High concentration exposure, serious damage to the mucosa, upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Staff should be well protected, if accidentally touch the eyes, should immediately rinse with a large amount of flowing water. The working environment should have good ventilation conditions. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Pay attention to moisture and rain. Should be stored separately from flammable, combustible materials, reducing agents, etc.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:53
Potassium perchlorate - Reference Information
| pH range of acid-base indicator discoloration | 5.0 - 6.5 |
| LogP | -7.18 at 25℃ |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 0.76g/0 ℃;1.06g/10 ℃;1.68g/20 ℃;2.56g/30 ℃;3.73g/40 ℃; 7.3g/60 ℃;13.4g/80 ℃;17.7g/90 ℃;22.3g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | see ammonium perchlorate. |
| Use | used as explosive, fuming agent, pyrophoric agent, oxidant, used in medicine as antipyretic and diuretic used as analytical reagent and oxidant used as explosive. For photography, pyrotechnic. The pharmaceutical industry is used as antipyretic and diuretic agents. It is also used as a smoking agent, a fire initiator, an oxidizing agent, and a chemical analysis reagent. For meteorological rocket. mainly used in explosives, photography, fireworks, medicine and other departments analysis reagent, oxidant. |
| production method | electrolysis-double decomposition method the industrial sodium chlorate is added with water in the dissolution tank, the Human Vapor is dissolved at 45~50 ℃ to make it saturated (the solution contains sodium chlorate 650~700g/L), then barium hydroxide is added to remove impurities such as chromate, and after filtration, send the clarified liquid to the electrolytic cell for continuous electrolysis at A current intensity of 1500 A, A cell voltage of 5~6V, A DH of 6~7 and an electrolysis temperature of 50~70 ℃, when the concentration of the generated sodium perchlorate solution reaches 700g/L, it is sent to the reactor, preheated to 60~80 ℃, and then subjected to double decomposition reaction with potassium chloride solution. When the temperature rises to 90~100 ℃, the reaction is completed, the reaction solution was cooled to 30 ° C. To precipitate potassium perchlorate crystals, which were centrifuged, immersed, centrifuged, and air-dried at 100-110 ° C. To prepare a finished potassium perchlorate product. Its NaC1O3 H2O [electrolysis] → NaClO4 H2NaClO4 KCl → KClO4 NaCl |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | Reference range oral-rat LD50: 2100 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive in case of organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus and other combustible materials |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in case of organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, phosphorus and other flammable substances; toxic chloride smoke from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation; Light loading and unloading; And organic matter, reducing agent, separate storage of sulfur and phosphorus combustibles |
| fire extinguishing agent | water and sand mist |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
